SIMPLE PAST TENSE

SIMPLE PAST TENSE






1.1 PAST FORM OF “BE”

POSITIVE SENTENCE	NEGATIVE SENTENCE	QUESTION SENTENCES
I He She was at home last night It	I He She wasn’t at home last night It	I he Was she at home last night? it
We You were at home last night. They	We You weren’t at home last night. They	we Were you at home last night? they

• Kate is here today, but she wasn’t here yesterday.
• I was in Canada last year.
• Were you in Istanbul five years ago?
• It is cold this week, but it was sunny last week.
• Where were you last Sunday?
• How was your exam?


1.2 FORM OF THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

a) Affirmative ( Positive) Sentences

I You He She It We You They

played football yesterday

studied English this morning
went to the cinema last night


Simple Past Tense olumlu cümlelerininde,özneden
sonra V2 ( Fiillerin 2. halleri) kullanılır.

• I watched TV last night.
• The snow stopped a few minutes ago. Now the
weather is nice.
• Linda came home very late last night.
• Last year I traveled to Japan.
• Hasan studied hard all year. He passed all his
exams last week.
• Sally called the police yesterday because someone
stole her car while she was at the supermarket.


b) Negative Sentences

You He She It We You They

did not didn’t

play football
yesterday.
study english this morning.
go to the cinema last night.

Simple Past Tense olumsuz cümlelerinde, özneden
sonra didn’t yardımcı fiili ve fiillerin yalın
halleri( V1) kullanılır. V2 sadece olumlu cümlelerde
kullanılır.

• I didn’t go to a movie last night. I stayed at
home.
• Nick didn’t come to school yesterday.
• We didn’t have breakfast this morning.
• I went to a movie yesterday but I didn’t enjoy it.
• It didn’t rain yesterday.


c) Negative Sentences

Did

you he she it we you they

play football yesterday. study english this morning. go to the cinema last night.

Soru cümleleri yaparken , did yardımcı fiili
özneden önce (cümle başında) kullanılır. Fiil yalın
halde (V1) kullanılır.

• Did you sleep well last night?
• Did you see the postman this morning?
• Did Mary have a good time at the party yesterday?
• Did you make your own dinner last night.
• Did they understand the question?
• Did the children feed the birds in the park
yesterday morning?

1.3 SPELLING OF -ED
END OF VERB ------- -ED FORM


RULE 1: A consonant + -e ----------- ADD -d
dance ----------- danced
erase ----------- erased
place ----------- placed

RULE 2: One vowel + One consonant ----------- Double
the consonant and ADD – ed
plan ----------- planned
stop ------------ stopped


NOTE: Do not double w,and x
snow --------- snowed
fix --------- fixed


RULE 3: Two vowels + One Consonant ---------- ADD
-ed ; do not double the consonant
rain --------- rained
need --------- needed

RULE 4: Two consonants -------- ADD –ed ; do not
double the consonant
help--------- helped
add ------ added

RULE 5: Consonant + -y---------CHANGE –y TO –i, ADD
–ed
Worry --------- worried
Reply --------- replied

RULE 6: Vowel + -y -------- ADD –ed; DO NOT CHANGE
-y TO -i
play -------- played
stay --------- stayed


1.4 IRREGULAR VERBS

TAMAMLANACAK……………………………

1.5 USES OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

a) Completed Action In The past

Simple past tense bir eylemin geçmişte bilinen
(specific) bir zamanda yapılıp, tamamlandığını
gösterir. Simple Past Tense en çok bu amaç için
kullanılır.

• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn’t go to work last Friday.
• Last year, I traveled to China.
• The World War II ended in 1945.
• She washed the dishes this morning.

b) A series of Completed Actions

Simple Past Tense geçmişte yapılmış bir dizi,
ardışık eylemden bahsederken kullanılır.
• I finished work, went home, had a shower and went
to bed early.
• He arrived from the airport at 9:00,checked into
the hotel at 10:00, and met the others at 11:00.

c) Single Duration
Simple past tense geçmişte başlayıp ve bitmiş olan
bir eylemin ne kadar süre ile yapıldığından
bahsederken kullanılır. Eylemlerin şimdiki zamanda
bir geçerliliği kalmamıştır.

• I lived in Istanbul for 5 years, from 1990 to
1995. ( I don’t live there anymore)
• Jane studied Chinese for 3 years.
• We talked on the phone for 30 minutes.
• How long did they wait for the bus?

d) Habits in the past
Simple past tense geçmişte düzenli olarak yapılan
,fakat artık geçerli olmayan eylem ve davranışlardan
bahsederken kullanılır. Bu kullanım “ used to “ ile
aynı anlamdadır. Bu anlatımlarda cümlelerde
genellikle "often," "usually," "never," "...when I
was a child" or "...when I was younger" gibi zarf
yapıları yer alır..


• My father took me to the Luna park every Sunday.
• He played the piano whenever he was at home.
• He usually worked at a restaurant after school.



1.6 “BEFORE” and “AFTER” IN TIME CLAUSES

“Clause” içinde bir özne ve yüklemi bulunan bir
cümle ya da cümlecik yapısıdır. Bazı clause ‘lar
bütün olarak bir anlam içeren, bir tam cümle
yapısındadır. Bunlara main clauses ( temel cümle)
adı verilir. Örneğin;

• “I ate a sandwich.” = a main clause
• “She played tennis” = a main clause

Bazı clause’ lar after, before ve when gibi zaman
zarfları (adverbs) ile başlarlar. Bu clause’ lar
temel cümle değildirler ve tek başlarına bir anlam
taşımazlar ; cümle yapısı içinde zaman referansı
vermek amacı ile kullanılırlar. Bu clause’ lara time
clauses (zaman bildiren yan cümle) adı verilir.
Örneğin;

• “ before I went to school” = a time clause
• “after she finished her homework” = a time clause

Daha önce de belirtildiği gibi, zaman cümlecikleri (
time clause) tek başlarına tam bir cümle olmayıp,bir
anlam taşımazlar ve sonuç olaral temel cümle( main
clause) ile birlikte kullanılırlar. Bir zaman
cümleciği (time clause), temel cümlenin ( main
clause) önünde ya da arkasında kullanılabilir. Bu
kullanımlar anlam farkına yol açmaz.


• I ate a sandwich before I went to school.

ya da,

• Before I went to school, I ate a sandwich.


• She played tennis after she finished her homework


ya da,

• After she finished her homework, she played
tennis.


Time clause (zaman cümleciği), temel cümlenin (
main clause) önünde kullanıldığında, temel cümleden
önce virgül kullanılır.

• After the children got home from school, they
watched TV.
• Before we entered the cinema, we bought the
tickets.
• I cleaned my room before my mother came home.
• After Sally ate dinner, she went to the library,
• Sally went to the library after she ate dinner.

1.7 “WHEN” IN TIME CLAUSES
Bazı zaman cümlecikleri (time clauses) WHEN ile
başlarlar.

• When I was a child, I lived with my grandparents.
• I lived with my grandparents when I was a child.
• When I heard a strange sound, I turned on the
lights.
• I turned on the lights when I heard a strange
noise.

Her iki cümleciğin de ( time clause and main clause)
fiilleri simple past ise, when clause’ daki eylem
once olmuş demektir. Örneğin:

• When the phone rang, I answered it.

First :the phone phone rang
Second: I answered it

• The children went their homes when the rain
started..